Applying for a U.S. green card is one of the biggest milestones in the immigration journey. Unfortunately, many applicants discover that approval is not guaranteed. Each year, thousands of green card applications (Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status) are denied by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
The good news? Most denials are avoidable if you understand the common pitfalls and prepare your case carefully. Below, we break down the top 5 reasons USCIS denies green card applications in 2025 and show you how to avoid them.
Missing or Incomplete Forms
One of the most common reasons USCIS issues a denial is surprisingly simple: paperwork errors.
Why it matters
Green card applications require multiple forms, such as:
- Form I-485 (adjustment of status)
- Form I-130 (family petition)
- Form I-864 (affidavit of support)
- Form I-693 (medical exam results)
If any of these forms are missing, incomplete, unsigned, or outdated, USCIS may reject or deny your case outright.
How to avoid this mistake
- Use the latest forms: Always download USCIS forms directly from the official USCIS website to ensure you have the current version.
- Double-check signatures: Every applicant and sponsor must sign their forms. Unsigned forms are automatically rejected.
- Follow instructions carefully: USCIS forms often have specific filing instructions. Skipping even one section can lead to a denial.
- Work with a professional: An experienced immigration consultant or attorney can ensure that every form is completed correctly and submitted with the right supporting evidence.
Failure to Prove a Bona Fide Relationship
For marriage-based and family-based green cards, one of the biggest challenges is proving that your relationship is genuine. USCIS officers are trained to look for signs of fraudulent or “sham” marriages entered into solely for immigration benefits.
Why it matters
If USCIS believes your marriage is not real—or that you have not provided enough proof—it may deny your green card application.
How to avoid this mistake
- Provide strong evidence: Examples include joint leases, bank accounts, tax returns, utility bills, photos, travel records, and affidavits from friends and family.
- Prepare for the interview: USCIS may schedule a marriage interview, where officers ask detailed questions to both spouses. Inconsistent answers can raise red flags.
- Tell your story: Don’t just submit documents—explain how you met, how your relationship developed, and why your marriage is genuine.
👉 For a detailed breakdown of what counts as strong proof, check out our full blog on how to prove a bona fide relationship.
Not Meeting Financial Support Requirements
Every green card applicant must show that they will not become a “public charge” in the United States. This is done through Form I-864, Affidavit of Support, which requires the sponsoring family member to meet certain income requirements.
Why it matters
If the sponsor does not meet the federal poverty guidelines—or fails to submit proper evidence of income—USCIS may deny the application.
How to avoid this mistake
- Check the 2025 poverty guidelines: These are updated annually and vary depending on household size.
- Submit tax returns and pay stubs: Sponsors should include the most recent federal tax return, W-2s, and recent pay stubs.
- Use assets if necessary: If income falls short, assets such as savings, property, or investments may be used.
- Consider a joint sponsor: Another qualifying U.S. citizen or permanent resident can agree to take financial responsibility if the primary sponsor does not qualify.
Criminal or Immigration Violations
Another leading reason for denial is the applicant’s background. USCIS conducts thorough checks to ensure applicants are eligible for permanent residency.
Why it matters
Green card applications can be denied if the applicant has:
- Certain criminal convictions (such as drug offenses, fraud, or violent crimes).
- Prior immigration violations, including unlawful entry, overstays, or misrepresentation on visa applications.
- Security or public safety concerns flagged during background checks.
How to avoid this mistake
- Be honest on your application: Never hide past arrests, convictions, or immigration issues. USCIS almost always finds out.
- Provide court records: If you have a criminal history, include certified court documents showing the final disposition.
- Seek legal advice: Some applicants may still qualify for waivers or exceptions. Consulting a professional is essential if you have any history that could raise red flags.
Medical or Health-Related Issues
In addition to forms and finances, USCIS requires all applicants to undergo a medical exam with a USCIS-approved doctor (Form I-693).
Why it matters
Applications may be denied if the applicant:
- Fails to complete the required medical exam.
- Does not have the necessary vaccinations.
- Tests positive for certain communicable diseases without proof of treatment.
- Refuses to provide full medical history.
How to avoid this mistake
- Schedule the exam early: Don’t wait until USCIS requests it.
- Bring vaccination records: This prevents unnecessary delays.
- Follow up with your doctor: Ensure the sealed I-693 form is submitted correctly.
Final Thoughts
Getting a green card is a complex process, but understanding the most common denial reasons can save you time, money, and stress. In 2025, the top causes of denial—incomplete forms, lack of bona fide relationship proof, insufficient financial support, criminal or immigration violations, and medical exam issues—are all preventable with proper preparation.
At US Immigration Consultants, we help clients prepare strong, error-free applications backed by the right evidence. Whether you’re filing for a family-based green card, adjusting status, or responding to USCIS concerns, we know how to guide your case from start to finish.
Don’t let avoidable mistakes derail your future. Contact us today to build a successful green card application.
